<\/p>\n
Seg\u00fan datos de historiadores e investigadores, el chicle se consume desde hace m\u00e1s de 100 a\u00f1os, aunque no ten\u00eda el uso que se le da actualmente como golosina.<\/p>\n
Se extra\u00eda del \u00e1rbol de chicozapote, del que se obtiene la savia o resina, para lo cual los chicleros, personas que se dedicaban a esta actividad econ\u00f3mica, hac\u00edan incisiones en su corteza en forma de zig-zag para que escurriera y con unas bolsas, elaboradas especialmente para esta funci\u00f3n, lo recolectaban.<\/p>\n
Los trabajadores lo extra\u00edan en peque\u00f1as cantidades, principalmente en \u00e9pocas de lluvia. En un principio su uso fue personal: masticar, limpiarse la dentadura, mitigar la sed, y elaborar velas. En aquella \u00e9poca a\u00fan no era comercializado, por lo que se consum\u00eda de manera natural.<\/p>\n
A fines del siglo XIX comenz\u00f3 la industrializaci\u00f3n de este producto gracias a Antonio L\u00f3pez de Santa Anna quien, durante su exilio en Nueva York, le dio a conocer esta resina al cient\u00edfico Thomas Adams con la intenci\u00f3n de comercializarla.<\/p>\n
Fue as\u00ed que el h\u00e1bil inventor lo puso a la venta en su manera pura y combinado con saborizantes y colorantes artificiales, con el nombre de New York No.1, volvi\u00e9ndose tan popular que convirti\u00f3 la f\u00e1brica de los Adams en un monopolio con los seis m\u00e1s importantes productores de goma de mascar de Estados Unidos y Canad\u00e1, vendiendo su nueva marca llamada \u201cChiclets\u201d. En esa \u00e9poca dorada de la explotaci\u00f3n del chicle, M\u00e9xico fue hasta el a\u00f1o 1964 su principal productor a nivel mundial.<\/p>\n
En la actualidad y a 100 a\u00f1os de su explotaci\u00f3n, los comercializadores de la goma de mascar se enfrentaron a la ca\u00edda del precio de los mercados internacionales debido a la gran competencia de las gomas de mascar sint\u00e9ticas. Al elaborarse en base a qu\u00edmicos, este producto ha quedado en desuso, sin embargo los mismos chicleros de la zona reconocen que fue una gran fuente de ingresos para las comunidades mayas de la regi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
En el Municipio de Puerto Morelos, a\u00fan se pueden ver vestigios de los inicios de este producto, a trav\u00e9s del\u00a0\u00c1rbol de chicozapote<\/a>\u00a0el cu\u00e1l se encuentra ampliamente distribuido en la\u00a0Ruta de los Cenotes<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Conocida en la \u00e9poca prehisp\u00e1nica como \u201ctziclti\u201d en n\u00e1huatl y \u201csict\u00e9\u201d por los mayas, la goma de mascar tiene una historia de m\u00e1s de un siglo en el Estado de Quintana Roo.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":14060,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[91,94],"tags":[105,88,89,179,106,180,92,107,98,181,95],"class_list":["post-14059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historia","category-ruta-de-los-cenotes-living-travel","tag-arbol","tag-chicle","tag-chicleros","tag-chicozapote","tag-dulce","tag-historia","tag-leona-vicario","tag-madera","tag-mayas","tag-puerto-morelos","tag-ruta-de-los-cenotes-living-travel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14059\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ilovepm.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}